GTDB r95 spans 194,600 genomes organized into 31,910 species clusters.

GTDB r95 is comprised of 191,527 bacterial and 3,073 archaeal genomes organized into 30,238 bacterial and 1,672 archaeal species clusters. This is an increase of 48,862 (33.4%) genomes and 7,219 (29.2%) species clusters compared to GTDBr89. Of the 145,896 genomes in r89, 145,566 (99.77%) were assigned to the same species cluster in r95, 172 (0.12%) were assigned to a different species cluster in r95, and 158 (0.11%) are no longer present in the GTDB. Of the 24,706 species representatives in r89, 23,955 (96.96%) are unchanged in r95, 729 (2.95%) have been replaced with a preferred representative in r95 (e.g. type strain of species), 7(0.03%) are no longer present in the GTDB, and 15 (0.06%) were merged with another r95 species cluster.

GTDB taxa are comprised of isolate genomes, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), and single-amplified genomes (SAGs). The following plot indicates the proportion of taxa at each taxonomic rank comprised exclusively of isolate genomes, exclusively of environmental genomes (i.e. MAGs/SAGs), or both isolate and environmental genomes.

Each GTDB species cluster is represented by a single genome. Genomes assembled from the type strain of the species were selected where possible, though the majority of species clusters are currently assigned only placeholder names. The proportion of representatives which are isolates, MAGs, or SAGs is given for each category.

The quality of the genomes selected as GTDB species representatives is given below. Genome completeness and contamination were estimated using CheckM and are colored based on the MIMAG genome standards. In general, representative genomes were restricted to having a quality satisfying completeness - 5*contamination >50. A few exceptions exist in order to retain well-known species with abnormal CheckM quality estimates.

Taxa encompassing the largest number of GTDB species clusters is given for each taxonomic rank.

Taxa encompassing the largest number of genomes in the GTDB is given for each taxonomic ranks.

The following graphs show the relative evolutionary divergence (RED) of taxa at each taxonomic rank from phylum to genus. RED values provide an operational approximation of relative time with extant taxa existing in the present (RED=1), the last common ancestor occurring at a fixed time in the past (RED=0), and internal nodes being linearly interpolated between these values according to lineage-specific rates of evolution. RED intervals for normalizing taxa at taxonomic ranks was operationally defined as the median RED value (indicated by a blue bar) at each rank ±0.1 (indicated by grey bars).

Bacteria

Archaea

Comparison of GTDB and NCBI taxonomic assignments across GTDB species representative genomes and all GTDB genomes which have an assigned NCBI taxonomy. For each taxonomic rank, a taxon was classified as being unchanged if its name was identical in both taxonomies, passively changed if the GTDB taxonomy provided name information absent in the NCBI taxonomy, or actively changed if the name was different between the two taxonomies.

Key genomic statistics for the GTDB species representative genomes and all genomes in the GTDB.